黄海典型漂浮大型藻类光谱特征分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

安德玉  邢前国  魏振宁  李琳 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(5):1054-1060

利用实测高光谱和多光谱相机数据对在黄海海域采集的浒苔和马尾藻样本进行光谱特征分析。结果显示:漂浮大型藻类的高光谱反射率均值(Rmean_H)与多光谱反射率均值(Rmean_M)、高光谱藻类指数(VB-FAHH)与多光谱藻类指数(VB-FAHM)之间的相对误差小于15.6%,说明这两种数据具有较好的一致性;基于光谱特征波长的反射率建立比值光谱指数,其中浒苔和马尾藻的差异最为明显的是R640/R554指数;基于多光谱相机计算反射谷深度指数(T-depth),采用阈值法来区分浒苔和马尾藻,T-depth阈值的区分精度分别为69.6%±30.0%和69.6%±24.3%,稍优于虚拟基线漂浮藻类指数(VB-FAH)阈值的区分精度。  相似文献   

小尺度曲率属性在煤田小微构造解释中的应用     

程彦 《煤田地质与勘探》2020,48(1):203-207

煤田小微构造作为煤矿主要致灾源之一，对其精细解释与圈定是矿井安全高效生产的重要保障，而单纯借助传统的地震勘探方法与技术手段解决该问题，已无法满足精准开采地质保障的需求。为此，基于叠后三维地震数据体，通过提取60 Hz以上高频段成分信息，进行地震数据重构，并基于此提取小尺度的最小负曲率属性，对研究区小微构造进行解释与分析。通过与现场小微构造揭露和解释情况对比表明:基于高频信息重构的地震数据体纵向分辨率高，提取的小尺度曲率属性细节刻画能力强，相对于传统的最小负曲率属性在指示小微构造方面优势明显。因此，将基于重构地震数据体提取的小尺度曲率属性应用于煤田小微构造解释与圈定是合理可行的。   相似文献   

福建大田—漳平地区构造-热对煤系石墨成矿及赋存的控制探讨     

丁正云  王路  曾欢  李阳  陈泉霖  邓瑞锦  程乔  林晓炎  曹代勇 《煤田地质与勘探》2020,48(1):55-61

福建省大田—漳平地区位于东部滨太平洋构造带上，不同时期的岩浆热液作用和复杂多变的构造形变格局，为该地区形成丰富的石墨矿床提供了良好的成矿条件。为了查明大田—漳平地区煤系石墨的成矿控制因素及分布规律，通过工业分析、元素分析、X射线衍射和激光拉曼光谱等实验，对不同矿区不同变质程度的煤和煤成石墨的化学组成及微观结构特征等煤成石墨化特征进行了研究，并将不同变形特征的样品划分为煤成石墨、煤成半石墨和石墨化无烟煤三大类。研究表明:煤的变形特征与煤成石墨的演化类型基本一致，且韧性变形样品的石墨化程度最高，说明构造应力作用能促进煤的石墨化作用；煤成石墨的分布受到岩浆-构造活动的控制，石墨矿床多产出于岩浆岩侵入体外接触带或附近断裂带的有利围岩地层中，且大田—漳平地区煤系石墨矿具有明显的成区、成带分布特点，煤成石墨成矿区主要集中在闽西南坳陷南部的漳平一带；而北部大田一带分布的矿区矿体石墨化程度较漳平一带低，多为煤成半石墨或石墨化无烟煤，研究结果可为该地区煤系石墨矿产综合勘探开发利用提供有利依据。   相似文献   

Diamond in metasedimentary crustal rocks from Pohorje,Eastern Alps: a window to deep continental subduction          下载免费PDF全文

M. Janák  N. Froitzheim  K. Yoshida  V. Sasinková  M. Nosko  T. Kobayashi  T. Hirajima  M. Vrabec 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2015,33(5):495-512

We report the first finding of diamond and moissanite in metasedimentary crustal rocks of Pohorje Mountains (Slovenia) in the Austroalpine ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic terrane of the Eastern Alps. Microscopic observations and Raman spectroscopy show that diamond occurs in situ as inclusions in garnet, being heterogeneously distributed. Under the optical microscope, diamond‐bearing inclusions are of cuboidal to rounded shape and of pinkish, yellow to brownish colour. The Raman spectra of the investigated diamond show a sharp, first order peak of sp³‐bonded carbon, in most cases centred between 1332 and 1330 cm^?1, with a full width at half maximum between 3 and 5 cm^?1. Several spectra show Raman bands typical for disordered graphitic (sp²‐bonded) carbon. Detailed observations show that diamond occurs either as a monomineralic, single‐crystal inclusion or it is associated with SiC (moissanite), CO₂ and CH₄ in polyphase inclusions_. This rare record of diamond occurring with moissanite as fluid‐inclusion daughter minerals implies the crystallization of diamond and moissanite from a supercritical fluid at reducing conditions. Thermodynamic modelling suggests that diamond‐bearing gneisses attained P–T conditions of ≥3.5 GPa and 800–850 °C, similar to eclogites and garnet peridotites. We argue that diamond formed when carbonaceous sediment underwent UHP metamorphism at mantle depth exceeding 100 km during continental subduction in the Late Cretaceous (c. 95–92 Ma). The finding of diamond confirms UHP metamorphism in the Pohorje Mountains, the most deeply subducted part of Austroalpine units.  相似文献   

Polymetamorphism in garnet micaschists of the Saualpe Eclogite Unit (Eastern Alps,Austria), resolved by automated SEM methods and EMP–Th–U–Pb monazite dating          下载免费PDF全文

B. Schulz 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2017,35(2):141-163

Polymetamorphic garnet micaschists from the Austroalpine Saualpe Eclogite Unit (Kärnten, Austria, Eastern Alps) display complex microstructural and mineral–chemical relationships. Automated scanning electron microscopy routines with energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectral mapping were applied for monazite detection and garnet mineral–chemical characterization. When the Fe, Mg, Mn and Ca element wt% compositions are used as generic labels for garnet EDX spectra, complex zonations and porphyroblast generations can be resolved in complete thin sections for selective electron‐microprobe analyses. Two garnet porphyroblast generations and diverse monazite age populations have been revealed in low‐Ca and high‐Al‐metapelites. Garnet 1 has decreasing Mn, constant Ca and significantly increasing Mg from cores to rims. Geothermobarometry of garnet 1 assemblages signals a crystallization along a M1 prograde metamorphism at ~650 °C/6–8 kbar. Sporadic monazite 1 crystallization started at c. 320 Ma. Subsequent pervasive 300–250 Ma high‐Y and high‐Gd monazite 1 formation during decompression coincided with the intrusion of Permian and Early Triassic pegmatites. Monazite 1 crystallized along the margin of garnet 1. Coronas of apatite and allanite around the large 320–250 Ma monazite signal a retrogressive stage. These microstructures suggest a Carboniferous‐to‐Early‐Permian age for the prograde M1 event with garnet 1. Such a M1 event at an intermediate‐P/T gradient has not yet been described from the Saualpe, and preceded a Permo‐Triassic low‐P stage. The M2 event with garnet 2 postdates the corona formation around Permian monazite. Garnet 2 displays first increasing X_Ca at decreasing X_Mg, then increasing X_Ca and X_Mg, and finally decreasing X_Ca with increasing X_Mg, always at high Ca and Mg, and low Mn. This records a P–T evolution which passed through eclogite facies conditions and reached maximum temperatures at ~750 °C/14 kbar during decompression‐heating. A monazite 2 population (94–86 Ma) with lower Y and Gd contents crystallized at decreasing pressure during the Cretaceous (Eo‐Alpine) metamorphism M2 at a high‐P/T gradient. The Saualpe Eclogite Unit underwent two distinct clockwise metamorphic cycles at different P–T conditions, related to continental collisions under different thermal regimes. This led to a characteristic distribution pattern of monazite ages in this unit which is different from other Austroalpine basement areas.  相似文献   

RS影像融合效果评价     

刘旭东  郭文娟 《地理空间信息》2010,8(3):83-85

近年来多源遥感影像融合技术发展迅速,融合方法研究日趋完善,然而融合影像效果评价始终没有统一标准。在系统分析传统评价指标的基础上,从光谱保真度、高频信息融入度两个方面对融合影像的评价进行综合分析,并在这两个方面建立了光谱信息指数与高频信息指数两个指标,然后对其进行综合建立信息量指数,从而在信息量方面加以评价,从而形成一套完整的评价体系。最后应用融合实例对创建的评价体系进行了验证。  相似文献   

boldmath Investigation of inter-molecular hydrogen bonding in the binary mixture (acetone + water) by concentration dependent Raman study and ab initio calculations     

欧阳顺利  吴楠楠  孙成林  刘靖尧  里佐威  高淑琴 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(9)

This paper reports that vibrational spectroscopic analysis on hydrogen-bonding between acetone and water comprises both experimental Raman spectra and ab initio calculations on structures of various acetone/water complexes with changing water concentrations. The optimised geometries and wavenumbers of the neat acetone molecule and its complexes are calculated by using ab initio method at the MP2 level with 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. Changes in wavenumber position and linewidth (fullwidth at half maximum) have been explained for neat as well as binary mixtures with different mole fractions of the reference system, acetone, in terms of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The combination of experimental Raman data with ab initio calculation leads to a better knowledge of the concentration dependent changes in the spectral features in terms of hydrogen bonding.  相似文献   

Temporal electronic structure of non-resonant Raman excited virtual state of P-nitroaniline by 514 nm excitation via bond polarisabilities     

王培杰  方炎  吴国祯 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(11)

We have studied the temporal bond polarisabilities of para-nitroaniline from the Raman intensities by the algorithm proposed by Wu et al. in 1987 (Tian B, Wu G, Liu G 1987 J. Chem. Phys. 87 7300). The bond polarisabilities provide much information concerning the electronic structure of the non-resonant Raman excited virtual state. At the initial moment by the 514.5 nm excitation, the tendency of the excited electrons (mapped out by the bond polarisabilities) is to spread to the molecular periphery, and the electronic structure of the Raman virtual state is close to the pseudo-quinonoidic state. When the final stage of relaxation is approached, the bond polarisabilities of those peripheral bonds relax faster than those closer to the molecular core, the phenyl ring. The molecule is in the benzenoidic form as demonstrated by the bond polarisabilities after relaxation.  相似文献   

基于南海北部海区浮游植物吸收光谱斜率变化的粒级结构反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王桂芬  曹文熙  周雯  梁少君  杨跃忠  赵俊 《热带海洋学报》2010,29(2):25-32

浮游植物的粒级结构是一个重要的生物参数。基于南海北部海区不同水体环境下测量的生物光学数据, 作者深入研究了粒级结构对浮游植物吸收光谱的影响。结果表明, 选择443和510nm波段计算得到的浮游植物光谱斜率S对粒级结构的变化具有较高的敏感性, 其随着小型浮游植物比例的增大呈不断增加的趋势。S与水体叶绿素a浓度、浮游植物吸收系数(aph(443))之间表现出明显的正相关特征。以40%为界对不同粒级浮游植物的优势进行定义, 发现在S与叶绿素a浓度、aph(443)的关系分布中小型(Micro)和微微型(Pico)浮游植物占据优势的水体表现出较为明显的分界, 叶绿素a浓度和aph(443)分别在0.70mg•m-3和0.05m-1附近, 相应的S在0.0004(m•nm)-1左右。基于实测数据建立的遥感反射率蓝绿波段比值与S之间的统计关系, 决定系数高达0.91, 为从水色遥感数据反演浮游植物粒级结构提供了重要手段。  相似文献   

Three steps of serpentinization in an eclogitized oceanic serpentinization front (Lanzo Massif – Western Alps)     

B. DEBRET  C. NICOLLET  M. ANDREANI  S. SCHWARTZ  M. GODARD 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2013,31(2):165-186

The Lanzo peridotite massif is a fragment of oceanic lithosphere generated in an ocean–continent transition context and eclogitized during alpine collision. Despite the subduction history, the massif has preserved its sedimentary oceanic cover, suggesting that it may have preserved its oceanic structure. It is an exceptional case for studying the evolution of a fragment of the lithosphere from its oceanization to its subduction and then exhumation. We present a field and petrological study retracing the different serpentinization episodes and their impact on the massif structure. The Lanzo massif is composed of slightly serpentinized peridotites (<20% serpentinization) surrounded by an envelope of foliated serpentinites (100% serpentinization) bordered by oceanic metabasalts and metasedimentary rocks. The limit between peridotites and serpentinites defines the front of serpentinization. This limit is sharp: it is marked by the presence of massive serpentinites (80% serpentinization) and, locally, by dykes of metagabbros and mylonitic gabbros. The deformation of these gabbros is contemporaneous with the emplacement of the magma. The presence of early lizardite in the peridotites testifies that serpentinization began during the oceanization, which is confirmed by the presence of meta‐ophicarbonates bordering the foliated serpentinite envelope. Two additional generations of serpentine occur in the ultramafic rocks. The first is a prograde antigorite that partially replaced the lizardite and the relict primary minerals of the peridotite during subduction, indicating that serpentinization is an active process at the ridge and in the subduction zone. Locally, this episode is followed by the deserpentinization of antigorite at peak P–T (estimated in eclogitized metagabbros at 2–2.5 GPa and 550–620 °C): it is marked by the crystallization of secondary olivine associated with chlorite and/or antigorite and of clinopyroxene, amphibole and chlorite assemblages. A second antigorite formed during exhumation partially to completely obliterating previous textures in the massive and foliated serpentinites. Serpentinites are an important component of the oceanic lithosphere generated in slow to ultraslow spreading settings, and in these settings, there is a serpentinization gradient with depth in the upper mantle. The seismic Moho limit could correspond to a serpentinization front affecting the mantle. This partially serpentinized zone constitutes a less competent level where, during subduction and exhumation, deformation and fluid circulation are localized. In this zone, the reaction kinetics are increased and the later steps of serpentinization obliterate the evidence of this progressive zone of serpentinization. In the Lanzo massif, this zone fully recrystallized into serpentinite during alpine subduction and collision. Thus, the serpentinite envelope represents the oceanic crust as defined by geophysicists, and the sharp front of serpentinization corresponds to an eclogitized seismic palaeo‐Moho.  相似文献